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Kinesthetic Strategies Boost Students’ Self-Efficacy and Confidence

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Bridgewater Study

  • Nationwide Study

    6 Schools in the Mid-Atlantic region of the US

  • Fourth Grade Classrooms

    111 Students
    6 Teachers

  • Pre and Post-Tests

    Program Evaluation Tools

  • 8 Weeks

    Program Timeline

Study Focus: The impact of kinesthetic instructional strategies and manipulatives on fourth graders' self-efficacy and self-confidence toward multiplication

This 2022 project studied the effectiveness of kinesthetic learning strategies on fourth-grade students’ self-efficacy and self-confidence toward multiplication. The National Math Foundation led the project in partnership with Bridgewater College.

During the project, participating teachers used Math & Movement floor mats and activities as supplemental material to their school district’s existing math curriculum. This study has been peer-reviewed, and the results show a statistically significant increase in students’ self-efficacy and self-confidence toward multiplication after the implementation of kinesthetic learning strategies.

Data Collection

  • Students completed a pre-assessment questionnaire prior to the implementation of kinesthetic strategies. They completed the same assessment post-intervention. The assessment asked students what their favorite subject in school was. It also included six additional questions about student's self-efficacy toward school, math, and multiplication, as well as self-confidence toward school, math, and multiplication.

selfefficacy and confidence assessment

Challenges

  • The study had a relatively small sample size.

  • Students' previous knowledge of multiplication before the study varied.

  • The student participants were minors, which in and of itself can cause inconsistencies in assessments.

  • Non-probability convenience sampling was used to find the participating teachers.

  • Ultimately, teachers were expected to administer student pre and post-assessments and were given no specific instructions on how to introduce the assessments. Student responses may have been biased to provide more positive or favorable answers instead of their true feelings.

Solution

  • Math & Movement floor mats, including:

  • Math & Movement digital books and resources, including:

  • 1-hour professional development training for teachers titled Kinesthetic Teaching Strategies for Mastering Multiplication, provided by Math & Movement

Results

  • The study revealed a statistically significant increase in students' self-efficacy and self-confidence toward multiplication after participating in kinesthetic learning strategies.

  • Students' self-efficacy improved by 15% toward multiplication, indicating an increased belief in their ability to solve multiplication problems.

  • Students' self-confidence in multiplication increased by 13%, indicating stronger beliefs in their general ability to succeed academically.

  • This study was peer-reviewed and published in a prestigious journal known for its selective acceptance rate of only 7%.

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